Improvement in churn-dashers



- thereof'.

in the operation of Ithe churn.

D. K. ovnnrnsnn,A or WILLIAMsPoRT, PENNSYLVANIA.

. Laim Patent No. sla/undated August 10, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN CHURN-DASHERS.

The Schedule referred to intl-lesel Letters Patent and making part ofthe same.

To all whom 'it may cm1-cern:

Be it known that I, D. K. Ovnunrsnn, of Williams-A port, in thev countyof Lycoming, and State' of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Churn-Dashers; and I doY hereby'declare that thefollowing is a full and exact description My invention relates toreciprocating dashers, whether operated by hand or by mechanism, and tomeans for admitting an adjustable quantity of air i'nto the creamthrough the rod, or handle, and to an improved construction of thehandle, which avoids-diiiiculties heretofore experienced.

I will proceed to describe what I consider vthe best means of carryingout my invention, and will afterward .designate the point which Ibelieve tp be new.

The accompanying drawings form a part ofthis speciiication. I t Y,Figure 1- is a side elevation of the entire dasher;

Figure 2 is a cross-section of a portion on a larger scale; and

Figure 3 is a horizontal section, on the line S S of fig. 2.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all the figures.

A is the body, or piston'of the dasher, and

B B is the wood-portion of the rod.

The rod is firmly united to the body by means of the iianged piece a,and screws, or by other suitable means. I do not claim, as new,auythingin this portion of the constructie j The lower part, A, of the handle isbored out, 'so as to afford an ample passage along the centre, throughwhich air may descend, to mingle with the'cream and aid The benefit dueto the introduction of the air near thebottom of the churn hasbeen-before known, and means have been provided for introducing itthrough the stem er rod,l but my in vention-diifers in the provisionseffecting and controlling this.

' The upper end of the part A is turnedY smaller, and receives the tubeD, which is firmly fixed by screws, or otherwise. Its exterior isexactly equal in diameter to the exterior-.of the rod A, and it forms,in fact, a rigid, stout continuation'thereof The upper por'- tion, A',is correspondingly turned smaller, and is correspondingly fitted andsecured in the upper end ofthe vtube D. The part-s A, D, and A', form acontinuous and rigid handle or dasher.

ALarge holes, (l d, are formed in opposi'tesides of the tube D, and theair to arify the cream is received through these holes. IA make the partAof the hau- (lle of such length that the holes d d are always abovethe'cover of the churn. I can extend the solid part A of the handleabove, toany height desired.

Where it is'necessary to make a connection to mai c hin'eiy, I canmortise through, or otherwise treat the.

upper part A, as may be required,^'there being no air-v I passagethroughl it, or any other condition which requires any peculiarconstruction. It may be enlarged, contracted, perforated by bolts,mortises, or otherwise treated, at will. This is an advantage due to myinvention over an-yappliance for receiving air through the extreme upperend of the rod.

I mount within the tube D, a smaller tube, E, which is similarlyperforated with holes, e c.

This inner tube is of such size as to fit closely, but turn freelywithin the outer tube'D. Its inner edge is turned inward, or contracted,so as -to form an internal flange, as indicated by e.

-Against the end surface of this flange I t a valve, G, openingdownward, so that the air is allowed to descend freely, but cannotreturn.

. The length of the inner tube E is but little-less than that of theclear space between the ends of the Wooden parts A and A. I provide asmaller hoiizontal slot, extending about a quarter of the way around inthe outer tube D, and through this I insert a pin or screw into theinner tube E, as indicated 'by E2. The outer end of the pin E2 issmoothlyv rounded, and projects but little, if any,

- beyond the outer surface of the tube D. It is just sufficientlyprominent to allow it to be acted on by the thumb, or by the point of anail, or other object, so as to thereby turn the inner tube E and itsconnected valve G.

The construction of my improved churn-dasherbein g now fully detailed,its operation will be readily under' stood.

Vheu it is desiredl to admit a fullsupply of air, the inner tube E is.turned so that the holes e correspond with the holes din the outer tubeD. When it is desired to cheek the introduction of air, the inner tube Eis partially turned, by acting. on the pin E2, and, in turning, theholes e and al cease to coincide exactly. They become contracted, and byfurther turning the inner tube E, the defective area of the holes may becontracted or enlarged to any extent desired, or they may be closedaltogether.

I make the tubes D and E of brass, plated with sil ver, or other metalwhich will withstand the action of Aany acid which may reach them. Inpractice, there is little risk of the milk reaching theseparts. A

It is much easier to bore my short --rodA than to bore the whole lengthof a handle, and very ordinary machinery is sufficient for my purpose.

I can makethe Ihole quitelarge, and thus admit a larger quantity of airthan isu'sually introduced through -the rod.

The outer tube') may bel lapped upon the wood "parts to any extentdesired. I proposealways to make it'lap so far that the junction shallbe very strong and 'viously-known construction.

It will be observed, that by sinking the outer end of the pin E2 so asto be about Hush with the surface Y of the tube D, I can Wipe the wholelength of the rod with a cloth, or the like, without obstruction.

The tubes D and :E maybe ground together, or otherwise fitted with greatnicety.

It will be usually suiicient to procure nice finished tubes, of exactlythe right size, so that one ts and turns closely and easily wi thin theother, without grinding or other special preparation.

The interior of the tube D may be connected with the screw-thread ateach end, and the parts A and A' may be screwed therein, so as to beeasily introduced and removed, if desired. v

I can, if preferred, hinge the valve G to the fixed tube D, instead ofthe turning-tube E. It is necessary, in such case, to simply braze in,or otherwise provide a suitable internal ange on the fixed tube D, andto properly attach the valve G thereto, so that it shall lact againstthe internal ange on the fixed part, in-

stead of such flange on the turning-tube. With such modification, theturning-tube E may be mounted independently above, being within thefixed tube D,^as here represented, or it may, if preferred, be mountedoutside, and it will stillperform the same function.

I claim the tubes D and E, fitted one within the other, and providedwith the holes l e and pin E, or its equivalent, combined and arrangedas represented relatively to each other, and the parts A and A of therod, or handle of the churn-dashel', as and for the purposes herein setforth.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my name, in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

D. K. OVERHISER.

Witnesses:

J. A. HILLEs, Trios. MAITLAND.

